导读：2016年，共有119家中资银行入围全球1000家大银行排行榜，其中17家中资银行跻身前100名，比上年增加1家。轻金融还从英国银行家杂志网站，摘录了关于上榜中国银行的三个分榜单情况（各家上榜银行，请自行对号入座）。
本部分文字来源：全球企业动态（微信号bigcompany007）、参考消息
英国《银行家》月刊6月30日发布了全球1000家大银行榜单，按照一级资本总额排名。今年入围全球一级资本排名前十的银行名单与上年度相比没有变化，仍然是中国和美国各四家银行，英国和日本各一家银行。前十家几乎全被中国和美国银行占据。
一级资本总额榜单的前十名几乎全被中国和美国银行占据。第一名和第二名分别是中国工商银行和中国建设银行。第三名——美国摩根大通银行，第四名和第五名——中国银行和中国农业银行。第六名至第八名——美国银行、美国花旗银行和美国富国银行，第九名是前十名里唯一的欧洲银行——英国汇丰银行。最后一名是日本三菱日联银行。
不过《银行家》指出，中国银行业出现了增长放缓的迹象。《银行家》杂志编辑布赖恩·卡普兰表示，“中国主要银行去年增加资本的速度要比扩大资产的速度快。有理由认为，银行在坏账有增长迹象的背景下将更加谨慎。与此同时，中国的银行利润仍是世界上最高的，要大幅高于美国和欧洲银行”。
2016年共有119家中资银行入围全球1000家大银行排行榜，其中17家中资银行跻身前100名，比上年增加1家。《银行家》杂志每年7月1日左右发布的全球银行1000强榜单，是当今国际最主流、最权威的全球银行业排名之一，具有极高的专业性与公信力。榜单完全打破国家和地域的限制，对全球绝大多数国家、地区银行发布的上年度经营数据进行评定。全球银行1000强排名主要考虑巴塞尔协议中规定的银行核心资本实力，通过衡量银行资本充足状况反映银行利润增长和抗风险能力。商业银行的一级资本是综合衡量业务发展能力和风险承受能力的重要指标，也是实现可持续发展的重要保障。
轻金融还从英国银行家杂志网站，摘录了关于上榜中国银行的三个分榜单情况（因时间原因，摘录英文原文。各家上榜银行，请自行对号入座）。
1、Top 1000 World Banks – Chinese banks go from strength to strength
来源：轻金融摘自英国银行家杂志 作者：Stefania Palma
Unprecedentedly, ICBC, China Construction Bank, Bank of China and Agricultural Bank of China are all in the top five banks by Tier 1 capital worldwide. But the good news does not end there for Chinese banks, with many putting in a strong performance further down the ranking.
China continues dominating the highest positions of The Banker’s Top 1000 World Banks ranking. In 2016, for the first time in the history of the Top 1000, four out of the top five lenders are Chinese. The odd one out is US bank JPMorgan Chase in third place, which is followed by Bank of China in fourth and Agricultural Bank of China (ABC), which moved up from sixth place in the 2015 ranking to fifth.
Industrial and Commercial Bank of China tops the overall Top 1000 World Banks ranking as well as the China list for the fourth consecutive year. China Construction Bank follows in second place in both rankings for the third year running. Their respective year-on-year Tier 1 capital growth went from $248.6bn to $274.4bn and $202.1bn to $220bn in 2015.
The top six banks in the China rankings have remained unchanged in the country ranking. Bank of China and ABC's respective Tier 1 capital increased from $184.2bn to $198bn and from $167.7bn to $185.6bn.
Commercial lender Bank of Communications and joint-stock commercial bank China Merchants Bank follow in position five and six in the China ranking – unchanged since 2015. However, Bank of Communications jumped four places to 13th position in the global ranking. China Merchants Bank has also improved its standing in the global ranking. Since the 2014 rankings, the lender has moved up from 36th to 27th.
Meanwhile, joint-stock commercial bank Shanghai Pudong Development Bank (SPDB) has overtaken China Citic to take the seventh spot in the 2016 China ranking. In this year’s rankings, SPDB’s Tier 1 capital grew from $42.8bn to $49.1bn, whereas China Citic’s increased from $43.2bn to $49bn.
There is also a new entrant – Bank of Nanjing – in China’s country ranking. The lender’s Tier 1 capital grew by 34% to $8bn in 2015, bringing the bank up to 152nd in the global ranking, from 201st. Further down the country ranking, China Zheshang Bank moved up four places to 21st and Bank of Ningbo gained one position to finish 23rd.
Within the China ranking, Bank of Tangshan, based in the north-eastern province of Hebei, recorded the highest year-on-year increase in Tier 1 capital by far at 124.35%. Although far below this performance, even the bottom bank among the highest movers in China (Jilin Jiutai Rural Commercial Bank) recorded a chunky Tier 1 capital annual increase of 44.82% in 2015. This lender is based in the north-eastern province of Jilin.
In terms of the top five Chinese banks by return on capital, Bank of Taizhou of Zhejiang province is the lender with the highest value at 31.73%.
来源：轻金融摘自英国银行家杂志 作者：Silvia Pavoni
The top 10 most efficient banks in the 2016 ranking are all from China, although Australia also made some impressive gains.
If evidence were still required that China now dominates the world of banking, its lead in The Banker’s Top 1000 cost-to-income ratio ranking may be it. Chinese banks top the ranking of most efficiently run lenders to such an overwhelming degree that it is only in 12th position where a bank of a different nationality makes an appearance. With a cost-to-income ratio of 26.44%, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank leads the pack. It is also the world’s 29th largest bank by Tier 1 capital.
China Construction Bank, ICBC, Bank of China and Agricultural Bank of China – four of the top five names in the global ranking by Tier 1 capital – have scored well in terms of efficiency too, and all appear towards the top of the cost-to-income table. Shanghai Pudong Development Bank (SPDB) has shown a marked improvement from the 28.73% ratio it scored in the 2015 ranking, and a notable one from the 46.49% of the 2014 ranking.
Indeed, this result warrants closer inspection. SPDB’s ratio moved because of operating costs growing by a smaller margin than the growth of operating income, highlighting the bank’s efforts to become more efficient. However, there is another side to this improvement. Because of its development mandate, SPDB does not place emphasis on securing returns but rather on supporting its stakeholders’ activities. It may raise concern, therefore, if the lending activity falls behind. Despite lower income growth, the efficiency ratio fell as a result of lower costs, according to The Banker Database, amid the wider context of China’s cooling economy. Both the loans-to-asset and the loans-to-deposit ratios shrank during the 2015 financial year.
In the lower half of the table, Commonwealth Bank Group is the best scoring non-Chinese name. The Australian lender has very slightly improved efficiency ratio of 39.78%, which puts it in 12th place, three steps up from its 2015 position. In this case, the improvement was due to costs shrinking more quickly than income. Commonwealth Bank’s profitability, however, remains high, with a 30.65% return-on-capital ratio and a 1.44% return on assets – the first and second highest, respectively, among Australia’s largest banks.
There are two other Australian names in the table. ANZ Banking Group, in 13th place, rose one place with an almost unchanged efficiency score from the 2015 ranking. National Australia Bank, in 15th place, managed to rise five places in the ranking die to losing a few percentage points.
Madrid-based Banco Santander is the highest scoring of the five European banks in the list, with a 41.85% ratio – a figure that has deteriorated slightly since the previous ranking. The group’s main markets have continued to suffer a number of setbacks, particularly in Latin America, which has traditionally been an important source of income for Santander. In Brazil, for example, the bank’s cost-to-income spiked to 47.71% during 2015, 7.94 percentage points higher than a year earlier. Worse, as the country dealt with 2015’s deep recession, Santander Brazil closed its annual report with a pre-tax loss – although a tax rebate moved it back into the black, securing a net profit for the year.
ING Bank and Lloyds Banking Group are the most improved in the list. ING has cut an impressive 11.09 percentage points from its cost-to-income quotient, which is now 50.66%; while Lloyds has slimmed down by 5.37 percentage points to 48.44%.
Generally, the average cost-to-income ratio for the 20 most efficient banks has risen to 39.1%, compared to 38.21% in the 2015 ranking.
More banks from developed economies have made the cut in the 2016 ranking, leaving Chinese lenders the only representatives of emerging markets.
来源：轻金融摘自英国银行家杂志 作者：Danielle Myles
As was the case in the 2015 ranking, China and the US are producing the fastest growing banks in the world, with the US's LegacyTexas Group leading the way in first, ahead of Taiwan's KGI Bank and China's Bank of Tangshan.
China and the US continue to produce the fastest growing banks, as measured by Tier 1 capital growth, accounting for nine and six of this year’s highest movers, respectively. LegacyTexas Group sits on top of the table, having recorded a 284.93% Tier 1 capital increase, which has propelled it into the Top 1000 for the first time. The US lender’s rise comes after it merged with Viewpoint Financial Group at the beginning of 2015. It brings Cyprus’s reign over this ranking to an end; Cooperative Central Bank topped the table in 2015 after growing 312.63%, while in 2014 the Bank of Cyprus led the way with a whopping 1888.23% growth rate.
Simmons First National Corp, the US's next best performer, comes in fourth after more than doubling its Tier 1 capital recorded in the 2015 Top 1000 list. US banks also placed seventh, eighth and ninth after registering growth of between 66% and 74%.
The second fastest mover, KGI Bank, has soared from 910th in the 2015 Top 1000 World Bank rankings to 501st this year. The Taiwanese lender posted growth of 213.32% following its acquisition and rebranding by China Development Financial Holding Corporation. Meanwhile, Bank of Tangshan is notable not only for being the fastest growing Chinese bank in the ranking, but also the only lender to appear in this table for two consecutive years. It has finished third in the 2016 rankings, after increasing its Tier 1 capital base by 124.35%. What makes this figure even more impressive is that Tangshan recorded 67.6% growth in the 2015 rankings.
One of the other Chinese banks to keep an eye on is Bank of Nanjing. While it has placed below some of its compatriots in this table, its 50.76% growth has pushed its Tier 1 capital base to $8.03bn, making it the biggest lender in the top 25 fastest movers. It is a similar story for Xiamen International Bank which, after growing 65.35%, has increased its Tier 1 capital base to $4.17bn making it this table’s second largest bank. Although smaller in size, Bank of Qingdao and Tianjin Binhai Rural Commercial Bank are notable with 60.37% and 58.78% growth, respectively.
Along with LegacyTexas, the US’s BNC Bancorp – the 21st highest mover – is the other new entrant to the Top 1000 World Bank list. Five of the highest movers also re-entered the Top 1000 list this year. Among them are Greece’s Attica Bank, which made the biggest splash by recording a 79.08% increase on its Tier 1 capital in the 2015 ranking, followed by Iran’s Bank Mellat, which grew by 66.41%, and Slovenia’s Abanka, which achieved 66.05% growth.
The other highest movers are scattered across Asia and, encouragingly, Europe, which has suffered from lower capital assets ratios than almost all other regions. India’s IndusInd Bank has placed 13th in the highest movers table, while 53.97% growth by Banca Transilvania has earned it the 18th spot. The Romanian lender is closely followed by the Philippines’ East West Banking Corp, which posted 53.69% growth, and Indonesia’s Bank Mega, which recorded a capital expansion of 53.49%.
Closing out the top 25 is Italy’s Cassa di Risparmio di Bolzano, a welcome development for the country's struggling banking sector.
Eleven Venezuelan banks should feature in the top 25 highest movers table but because their Tier 1 capital changes are so distorted by triple-digit inflation and a drastically overvalued official exchange rate, they have been removed from the ranking. On the pure numbers, they would be ranked as follows: first, Banco Industrial de Venezuela; fourth, Banco Nacional de Credito; fifth, Banco de Venezuela; seventh, Banco Occidental de Descuento; eighth, Banplus; 10th, Venezolano de Credito; 11th, Banco Fondo Comun; 12th, Banco del Tesoro; 13th, Banesco Banco Universal; 14th, Banco del Caribe; and 18th, Banco Caroni.
（来源：轻金融综合自全球企业动态、英国银行家杂志官网）